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  • Article

    North-West Resistance (Plain-Language Summary)

    The North-West Resistance happened between March 1885 until May 1885. The resistance took place in what is now Alberta and Saskatchewan. It was fought between the Métis and First Nations allies against settlers and the federal government. The government won. Hundreds died. The Indigenous peoples lost everything. The leader of the Métis, Louis Riel, was executed. This caused a serious controversy. It is still a controversial issue. The events of 1885 have left a legacy. (This article is a plain-language summary of the North-West Resistance. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, North-West Resistance.)

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  • Article

    North-West Schools Question

    The North-West Schools Question was a conflict between church and state for control of education in the North-West Territories (now Saskatchewan and Alberta) in the late-19th century. The controversy was similar to other educational crises across Canada, and reflected the larger national debate about the future of Canada as a bilingual and bicultural country.

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  • Article

    North-West Territories (1870–1905)

    The North-West Territories was the first Canadian territory. It was Established on 15 July 1870. As a territory, the region became part of Canada. But it lacked the population, economic and infrastructure resources to attain provincial status. It thus fell under the jurisdiction of the federal government. It covered a vast area, stretching west from a disputed boundary with Labrador, across the northern portions of present-day Quebec and Ontario, through the Prairies to British Columbia, and north from the 49th parallel to the Arctic Ocean. The territory was subject to numerous boundary changes before 1905. At that time, the provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta were carved out of the southwest portion of the region. In 1906, the remaining territory was renamed the Northwest Territories.

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  • Article

    North-West Territories Act

    The North-West Territories Act, passed by the Liberal government of Alexander Mackenzie in April 1875, was an attempt to improve government administration and direct the development of the North-West Territories. Established in 1870, the North-West Territories was the first Canadian territory. It covered a vast area, stretching from Labrador to the Rocky Mountains and from the forty-ninth parallel to the Arctic Ocean.

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  • Article

    Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT)

    The Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT) in EDMONTON, Alberta, was founded in the early 1960s as part of a federal and provincial government joint initiative to create a technical infrastructure to support Canada's rapidly diversifying economy.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT)
  • Article

    Northern Bottlenose Whale

    The northern bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus) is a toothed whale found in the northern regions of the Atlantic Ocean. In Canadian waters, there are two populations: one off the coast of Nova Scotia, known as the Scotian shelf population, and the other off the coast of Labrador, known as the Baffin-Labrador population. The Scotian shelf population is endangered while the Baffin-Labrador population is considered “special concern” by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. The northern bottlenose whale is the largest beaked whale in the North Atlantic. (See also Endangered Animals in Canada.)

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  • Article

    Northern Dancer

     Northern Dancer, racehorse (b at Oshawa, Ont 27 May 1961; d at Chesapeake City, Md 16 Nov 1990).

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  • Article

    Northern Fulmar

    The northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis, family Procellariidae, order Procellariiformes), medium-sized, tube-nosed seabird, about 50 cm long, related to the albatrosses.

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  • Article

    Northern Gateway Pipeline Proposal

    The $7.9 billion Northern Gateway project was a pipeline proposal that Enbridge put forward in 2008. Northern Gateway would have carried diluted bitumen (“dilbit”) about 1,170 km from Bruderheim, Alberta to a terminal on the Pacific Ocean at Kitimat, British Columbia. Enbridge claimed that the project would create $1.2 billion in tax revenue for BC, as well as 560 jobs. The Federal Court of Appeal overturned the pipeline’s approval in 2016. That same year, the Liberal government of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau rejected the project.

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  • Macleans

    Northern Ireland Riots

    Richard Sterritt sounds sleepy after a night spent manning a Loyalist barricade in the Northern Irish border county of Armagh. But his voice swells when he's asked to describe the sound of a Lambeg drum. "It sounds like a church bell," he says of the ringing beat from the 45-lb.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on July 22, 1996

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  • Article

    Northern Leopard Frog

    The Northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens, previously Rana pipiens) is a green or brown frog covered in large, distinct spots. In Canada, three populations exist: the Eastern population, the Western Boreal/Prairie population and the Rocky Mountain population. The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada characterizes the Western Boreal/Prairie and Rocky Mountain populations as special concern and endangered, respectively. The Eastern population is considered widespread and abundant, although the population has shown evidence of decline.

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  • Article

    Northern Lights

    Current theory states that the energy driving auroras is obtained from the solar wind, a gas composed primarily of protons and electrons, blowing away from the SUN at supersonic velocities of 300-1000 km/s (seePHYSICS).

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  • Article

    Northern Railway of Canada

    The railway was designed to link the 3 lakes for which it was originally named - the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron Railway. It opened in May 1853 when the locomotive Toronto (made in Toronto) hauled the first steam train in present-day Ontario from Toronto to Machell's Corners (present-day Aurora).

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Northern Railway of Canada
  • Article

    Northern Telecom Limited

    See ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY.

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  • Article

    Northwest Territories and Confederation

    The Northwest Territories (NWT) entered Confederation in 1870 after Canada acquired Rupert’s Land and the North-Western Territory from the Hudson’s Bay Company. The smaller territory now known as the NWT is what remains after the creation of several other provinces and territories out of the original 1870 lands.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/a08da9c3-b38b-4f80-a425-a29b706528af.jpg Northwest Territories and Confederation