Environment | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Hydroelectricity in Canada

    Hydroelectricity is energy produced from flowing water. The amount of energy produced depends on volume and speed: the more water moving at a fast rate, the more energy produced. For this reason, many hydroelectric stations are built near waterfalls. To produce energy, water is directed toward turbines — sometimes with the help of a dam — causing them to spin. In turn, the turbines make electrical generators spin and electricity is produced. It is a renewable, comparatively nonpolluting energy source and Canada’s largest source of electric-power generation.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/0c8c9180-7dde-40c3-9b85-fcd031a4d8c4.jpg Hydroelectricity in Canada
  • Macleans

    Inside the Kyoto Deal

    Alberta’s energy minister, Steve West, spent much of last week wearing a tight smile, his clenched jaw and square shoulders set as firmly as his conviction that people who blame the oilpatch for the next century’s foul weather have lost their heads.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on December 22, 1997

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Inside the Kyoto Deal
  • Article

    Keystone XL Pipeline

    Keystone XL was a proposed 1,947 km long pipeline project that would have carried crude oil from Alberta to Nebraska. It was owned by Calgary-based TC Energy Corporation. The pipeline was named XL for “export limited.” First proposed in July 2008, it was the prospective fourth phase of TC Energy’s existing Keystone Pipeline system. In Canada, Keystone XL had the support of both the federal and Alberta governments. However, the project faced significant opposition and legal challenges on environmental grounds. In January 2021, United States president Joe Biden cancelled its permit on his first day in office. On 9 June 2021, TC Energy and the Alberta government announced the termination of the Keystone XL pipeline.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/d0e10ee5-e27a-45c8-b079-981a892292b5.jpg Keystone XL Pipeline
  • Macleans

    Kirkland Lake Eyes Hazardous Waste Plant

    BILL ENOUY IS PROUD of his town. Oh, the jolly looking mayor of KIRKLAND LAKE, Ont., knows the main street needs a facelift, and that something should be done about the shortage of family physicians.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on November 18, 2002

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Kirkland Lake Eyes Hazardous Waste Plant
  • Macleans

    Kyoto Accord Opposition Growing

    In Alberta political circles, Lorne Taylor is sometimes referred to as the "egghead redneck." It is a mark of the man that Taylor, who is Alberta's environment minister and who holds a Ph.D. in educational psychology, takes more umbrage at the first half of that moniker than the latter.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on October 14, 2002

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Kyoto Accord Opposition Growing
  • Article

    Line 3 Pipeline Replacement Program

    The Line 3 Replacement Program (also known as L3RP) is an upgrade to the Enbridge Mainline pipeline. The existing crude oil pipeline runs from Hardisty, Alberta to Superior, Wisconsin. The 1,660 km long upgrade is the largest project in the history of Calgary-based Enbridge. The Alberta to Manitoba section of the L3RP has been in service since December 2019.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/8039b308-31dd-44bc-adf3-672be2352f50.jpg Line 3 Pipeline Replacement Program
  • Article

    Lumber and Wood Industries

    Canada’s lumber and wood industries convert logs into various products, from lumber to wood chips.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/33a7f20c-98ad-4b8d-8840-de1cf7729081.jpg Lumber and Wood Industries
  • Article

    Midnight Sun

    Midnight Sun In the Arctic in the summer, the sun shines all night long. Robert W. SERVICE had this in mind when he used the phrase in his ballad "The Cremation of Sam McGee" (1907). The expression "land of the

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Midnight Sun
  • Article

    National Parks of Canada

    Canada’s national parks are protected areas established under federal legislation to preserve Canada’s natural heritage. They are administered by Parks Canada, a government agency that evolved from the world’s first national parks service, the Dominion Parks Branch, established in 1911. The National Parks System Plan, developed in 1970, divided Canada into 39 natural regions and set the goal of representing each region with at least one national park. Canada now has 48 national parks and national park reserves in 30 of these regions. In total, the parks cover more than 340,000 km2, which is over 3 per cent of Canada’s landmass. They protect important land and marine habitats, geographical features and sites of cultural significance. National parks also benefit local economies and the tourism industry in Canada. (This is the full-length entry about National Parks of Canada. For a plain-language summary, please see National Parks of Canada (Plain-Language Summary).)

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/27f9bb3e-3454-4b12-9aca-ded0299bfe8c.jpg National Parks of Canada
  • Macleans

    Natural Environment

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on June 2, 2003. Partner content is not updated. THIS IS MY medicine cabinet," says Karl Schibli, his ice-blue eyes widening with the excitement of someone about to let a neophyte in on what he already knows. The object of Schibli's focused attention is a red Coleman picnic cooler on a shelf in his barn near Waterford, Ont.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Natural Environment
  • Article

    Natural Regions

    Natural regions are intended to describe areas of the Earth's surface which possess similar qualities or attributes. They may refer to either land or water, and can vary in size. The term “natural region” is often used interchangeably with the word “ecozone.”

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/9e60d609-62ab-4e7c-8233-12801bc0f8c1.jpg Natural Regions
  • Article

    Nature Conservancy of Canada

    The Nature Conservancy of Canada (NCC) is the largest land conservation charity in Canada. Since 1962, NCC has helped to protect more than 160,000 km2 of land and water across the country. Its mission is to partner with individual donors, corporations, non-profits and governments to purchase and protect areas rich in species diversity (see Biodiversity). The charity and its partners achieve this goal by working with local communities to identify habitat and species in need of protection, and by implementing the best evidence-based conservation science available. As of June 2019, the NCC has conserved habitat across Canada for 34 per cent of Canada’s species at risk. (See also Endangered Animals in Canada.)

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  • Article

    Northern Gateway Pipeline Proposal

    The $7.9 billion Northern Gateway project was a pipeline proposal that Enbridge put forward in 2008. Northern Gateway would have carried diluted bitumen (“dilbit”) about 1,170 km from Bruderheim, Alberta to a terminal on the Pacific Ocean at Kitimat, British Columbia. Enbridge claimed that the project would create $1.2 billion in tax revenue for BC, as well as 560 jobs. The Federal Court of Appeal overturned the pipeline’s approval in 2016. That same year, the Liberal government of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau rejected the project.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/de50644a-0b88-4e0a-991b-a6c9222e3c29.jpg Northern Gateway Pipeline Proposal
  • Editorial

    Not for Saps: Tree Planting in Alberta

    Over a century’s worth of shifting environmental policy means that today, maintaining Canada’s forests is as important as cutting them down. Tree planting is an essential part of this maintenance, and each year thousands of young Canadians trek through rough conditions and remote areas to replant thousands of trees.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/3f6e30bf-0cc6-47cd-8961-1918b0dae744.jpg Not for Saps: Tree Planting in Alberta
  • Article

    Oldman River Society Case

    Several decisions of the Supreme Court relate to environmental protection: Dryden Chemicals, Crown Zellerbach and Friends of the Oldman River Society.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Oldman River Society Case