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Philippe Couillard, neurosurgeon and Québec politician (born 26 June 1957 in Montréal, Québec). Philippe Couillard was a highly regarded neurosurgeon before pursuing a career in politics. He was elected to the National Assembly in 2003 and served as Minister of Health and Social Services until 2008. After a hiatus from politics, he was elected leader of the Quebec Liberal Party in March 2013 and premier of Québec in the 7 April 2014 election. However, in the provincial election of 1 October 2018, the Coalition Avenir Québec under François Legault won a majority. Couillard resigned as leader of the party following the election.

Philippe Panneton, pen name Ringuet, physician, professor, diplomat, novelist (b at Trois-Rivières, Qué 30 Apr 1895; d at Lisbon, Portugal 28 Dec 1960).

Philippe Roy, physician, diplomat (b at St-François, Qué 1 Feb 1868; d at Ottawa 10 Dec 1948). Educated at Laval, Roy practised medicine in Québec C, and after 1897 in and around Edmonton, where he worked to promote the interests of the FRENCH IN THE WEST.

Phillip Clarke Garratt, aviator (b at Toronto 13 July 1894; d there 16 Nov 1975). He served in WWI with the Royal Flying Corps, flew as a commercial pilot and joined DE HAVILLAND AIRCRAFT in 1936, where he directed the development of aircraft to operate in the Canadian North (seeBUSH FLYING).

Pierre Dansereau, ecologist, educator (b at Montréal 5 Oct 1911; d there 29 Sep 2011 ).

Pierre Deslongchamps, chemist, educator (b at St-Lin, Qué 8 May 1938). He is an international leader in the field of organic synthesis and his work on the stereo-electronic effects operative in many organic processes is widely acclaimed.

Pierre-Esprit Radisson, explorer, fur trader (born in 1636 in France; died in June 1710 in London, England). Pierre-Esprit Radisson was a shrewd opportunist who was valued for his knowledge of Indigenous peoples and North American geography.

Pierre-Étienne Fortin, politician, surgeon, conservationist (b at Verchères, LC 14 Dec 1823; d at La Prairie, Qué 15 June 1888). After graduating from the Petit Séminaire de Montréal (1841) and McGill College (1845), he practised medicine at GROSSE ÎLE (1847-48).

Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye, military officer, farmer, fur trader, explorer (born at Trois-Rivières, Quebec 17 November 1685; died at Montreal 5 December 1749). The expeditions organized by La Vérendrye and spearheaded by his sons were the first to open the country from Lake Superior to the lower Saskatchewan River and the Missouri River to the French fur trade. La Vérendrye is often portrayed as emblematic of the French-Canadianvoyageur and of French Manitoba in particular.

Ray Fletcher Farquharson, physician, medical educator (b at Claude, Ont 4 Aug 1897; d at Ottawa 1 June 1965).

Raymond Tait Affleck, architect (b at Penticton, BC 20 Nov 1922; d at Montréal 16 Mar 1989).

Raymond Urgel Lemieux, CC, FRSC, FRS, professor of chemistry (born 16 June 1920 in Lac La Biche, AB; died 22 July 2000 in Edmonton, AB).

The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

Reginald Aubrey Fessenden, electrical engineer (born 6 October 1866 in East Bolton, Canada East; died 22 July 1932 in Hamilton, Bermuda). Fessenden was a pioneer in the field of radio communication. He made the first voice transmission over radio waves. He also laid the foundations of amplitude modulation (AM) and achieved the first two-way radiotelegraphic communication across the Atlantic Ocean. His 1906 transmission of a Christmas concert is considered the first radio broadcast in history. (See also Radio Programming)

Indigenous scientists and researchers in Canada have helped to advance their respective professional fields by posing new questions to seek better ways of thinking, healing and understanding. Many of them have incorporated both Western and Indigenous perspectives and teachings into their important work. In many cases, these individuals have faced discrimination and systemic racism, and persevered. Many have the honour of being the first Indigenous person to graduate and practice in their professional field. This article lists some of the most accomplished Indigenous individuals in Canada who have excelled in the areas of science, research and related fields.