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Their bucolic charm, calm waters, rich bird and marine life and mild climate, in the driest zone on Canada's Pacific coast, have attracted homesteaders and cottagers since about 1859. Stands of tall timber growing in deep soil were logged early in this century.

Île de la Grande Entrée, Qué, is situated almost in the middle of the Gulf of ST LAWRENCE and flanked in the north by Île d' ANTICOSTI, in the south by PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND and on the east by CABOT STRAIT. It is one of the 16 islands and islets comprising Îles-de-la-MADELEINE.

Gravenhurst, Ont, incorporated as a town in 1887, population 11 640 (2011c), 11 046 (2006c). The Town of Gravenhurst is located at south end of Lake Muskoka, 170 km north of Toronto.

The area is the traditional territory of the Netsilik Inuit, who set up summer and winter hunting and fishing camps there. Permanent settlement began in 1927 when the Hudson's Bay Company moved a trading post from nearby Douglas Bay to present-day Gjoa Haven.

Ontario city settled in 1807. It was known first as Fort Rapids, later as Port Sarnia, and in 1856 it was incorporated as the town of Sarnia. It became a city in 1914. Its population was 49,033 in 1986.

A small island 20 km off the northeast Labrador coast, named in recognition of the fact that it was first detected on imagery from the satellite Landsat-1. This satellite, designed for Earth-monitoring, was the first of a continuing series launched by the US having transmissions received in Canada.

Funk Island, 25 ha, is a flat, 15 m high, wedge-shaped granite island 800 m by 400 m lying 60 km off Newfoundland's northeast coast, east of FOGO ISLAND. The origin of the name is unknown, though it may have been inspired by the smell of the guano that covers much of the island.

Natural History The mountains, which dominate the park and rise to 2678 m at Mount Garibaldi, are of recent volcanic origin. Lava from Price Mountain created a dam allowing 300 m deep Lake Garibaldi to form.

A new town site, named North Battleford, was laid out in 1905. The community grew rapidly with many businesses and residents abandoning the older community and moving to the new rail centre. By 1913 North Battleford was granted city status.

The 1944 Battle of Normandy — from the D-Day landings on 6 June through to the encirclement of the German army at Falaise on 21 August — was one of the pivotal events of the Second World War and the scene of some of Canada's greatest feats of arms. Canadian sailors, soldiers and airmen played a critical role in the Allied invasion of Normandy, also called Operation Overlord, beginning the bloody campaign to liberate Western Europe from Nazi occupation. Nearly 150,000 Allied troops landed or parachuted into the invasion area on D-Day, including 14,000 Canadians at Juno Beach. The Royal Canadian Navy contributed 110 ships and 10,000 sailors and the RCAF contributed 15 fighter and fighter-bomber squadrons to the assault. Total Allied casualties on D-Day reached more than 10,000, including 1,074 Canadians, of whom 359 were killed. By the end of the Battle of Normandy, the Allies had suffered 209,000 casualties, including more than 18,700 Canadians. Over 5,000 Canadian soldiers died.

Fairvale, NB, is a community located on the Kennebecasis River within the town of ROTHESAY. Settled in 1819, it remained a farming area until early in the 20th century.

Espanola, Ont, incorporated as a town in 1958, population 5364 (2011c), 5314 (2006c). The Town of Espanola is located 69 km west of Sudbury on the Spanish River.

Esquimalt, BC, incorporated as a district municipality in 1912, population 16 209 (2011c), 16 840 (2006c). The Township of Esquimalt is located on the southern tip of VANCOUVER ISLAND adjacent to VICTORIA.

The township was surveyed in 1857, but it attracted few settlers until 1904, when the Canadian government chose it as the site for a new military camp. Camp PETAWAWA eventually grew to encompass large portions of 4 townships, and has become one of Canada's most important military bases.

For the next 40 years, the British at Fort Anne maintained a precarious position in the Acadian-dominated province and were frequently attacked by French and Indian raiding parties. The status of the fort declined with the founding of Halifax (1749) and the expulsion of the Acadians (1755).

Burnaby, BC, incorporated as a city in 1992, population 223 218 (2011c),  202 799 (2006c). Burnaby adjoins Vancouver on the west, Coquitlam on the east and New Westminster on the southeast.

The lake drainage basin measures 58 800 km2 in area, and is home to over 15 million people in Canada and the US, making it the most densely populated of all the Great Lakes basins.

Eskimo Lakes, 880 km2, lie along the southern edge of the Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula, NWT, and drain into Liverpool Bay on the Beaufort Sea. They are tidal lakes, with tide heights averaging 2 m, and occupy a fault zone separating geological blocks.

The townsite was surveyed in 1892 where the Soo Line of the Canadian Pacific Railway crossed the river, and grew steadily from that date, largely because of its dual role as a trading and energy centre.

Enderby, BC, incorporated as a city in 1905, population 2932 (2011c), 2828 (2006c). The City of Enderby is located on the Shuswap River 13 km north of Armstrong and 19 km south of Salmon Arm.