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Between February 1868 and September 1870, 7 contingents totalling 507 Canadians enrolled in the papal army (whose soldiers were known as Papal Zouaves) to help defend Rome from the Italian troops who wanted to bring about Italian unification.

William Grant Stairs, explorer, soldier (b at Halifax 28 Feb 1863; d at Chinde, Mozambique 9 June 1892). He was discoverer of one source of the Nile, the Semliki River, and the first non-African to climb Mount Ruwenzori.

Sir Edward Selby Smyth, military officer (b at Belfast, Ire 31 Mar 1819; d in Eng 22 Sept 1896). He was adjutant general and general officer commanding the Canadian militia 1874-80, an appointment capping a British service career in India, Africa, Ireland and Mauritius.

Jacques Viger, journalist, author, militia officer, civil servant, politician, (b at Montréal 7 May 1787; d there 12 Dec 1858).

John Graves Simcoe, army officer, lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada (born 25 February 1752 in Cotterstock, Britain; died 26 October 1806 in Exeter, Britain). Simcoe served as an officer with the British army in the American Revolutionary War, but is best known to Canadians as the first lieutenant-governor of the new British colony of Upper Canada, which later became Ontario.

Pierre de Troyes, soldier (d at Niagara 8 May 1688). He arrived at Québec in Aug 1685 with reinforcements for the beleaguered colony. Departing on 20 Mar 1686, de Troyes led a force of 30 colonial regular French troops and 60 militia from Montréal overland to James Bay.

Thomas Bland Strange, army officer (b at Meerut, India 15 Sept 1831; d at Camberley, Eng 9 July 1925).

Lewis W. MacKenzie, soldier, peacekeeper (born 30 Apr 1940 at Truro, NS). Major-General MacKenzie received his commission in 1960 with the Queen's Own Rifles and performed his first peacekeeping duty in the Gaza Strip in 1963.

Peter John Vickers Worthington, soldier, journalist, publisher, author (born 16 February 1927 in Fort Osborne Barracks, Winnipeg; died 12 May 2013 in Toronto, ON). Co-founder and outspoken editor in chief of the Toronto Sun from 1971 to 1982.

1st Viscount Wolseley, Garnet Joseph Wolseley, soldier (b at Golden Bridge House, Ire 4 June 1833; d at Menton, France 25 Mar 1913). Wolseley served with the British army in India, the Crimea and China. In 1861 he was sent to

James FitzGibbon, soldier, public servant (b 16 Nov 1780 at Glin, County Limerick, Ireland; d 12 Dec 1863 at Windsor Castle, England).

Étienne Verrier, military engineer (b at Aix-en-Provence, France 4 Jan 1683; d at La Rochelle, France 10 Sept 1747). After 17 years with the engineer corps, Verrier served at LOUISBOURG as chief engineer 1724-45.

Stanley Charles Waters, soldier, businessman, senator (b at Winnipeg 14 June 1920; d at Calgary 25 Sept 1991). Waters enlisted in the Canadian army in 1941 and chose to remain in the military after the war.

Christopher Vokes, soldier (born in Armagh, Ireland, 13 April 1904; died in Toronto, ON, 27 March 1985). A tough-minded Second World War general, Vokes commanded Canadian army divisions in the Italian campaign and during the push through northern Germany at the end of the war. He was one of the few Canadian generals to emerge from the war with a reputation as a skilled operational commander.

Sir John Coape Sherbrooke, soldier, administrator, governor-in-chief of British North America (b at Nottinghamshire, Eng 1764; d at Calverton, Eng 14 Feb 1830).

John Matthews, army officer, farmer, politician (b probably in Eng c 1763; d probably in Eng 20 Aug 1832).

James Abercromby, army officer (b at Banffshire, Scot 1706; d at Glassaugh, Scot 23 Apr 1781). A career soldier, he came to North America in 1756 and was appointed commander in chief of British forces.

A band of Americans and pro-American Canadians living in Upper Canada, the Canadian Volunteers were a company-sized regiment that fought on the American side during the WAR OF 1812.