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Joseph-Alphonse Couture, veterinarian (b at Ste-Claire, Qué 15 Dec 1850; d at Québec C 12 Mar 1922). He served in the Canadian militia 1866-68 against the FENIANS and then in the Papal ZOUAVES in Italy 1868-70.

Thomas Neill Cream, doctor, murderer (b at Glasgow, Scot 1850; d at London, Eng 15 Nov 1892). Educated in medicine at McGill, Cream was responsible for a string of murders in Canada, the US and Britain. He was also a thief, arsonist, blackmailer and illegal abortionist.

Robert Palmer Howard, physician, educator, medical administrator (b at Montréal 12 Jan 1823; d there 28 Mar 1889). Best remembered as a superb teacher, Howard combined enthusiasm with sincerity and dignity, inspiring his pupils with his own zeal and love for medicine.

Arthur Oliver Wheeler, surveyor, mountaineer (born at Lyrath, Ireland 1 May 1860; died at Banff, Alta 20 March 1945). Qualifying in 1881 as Ontario land surveyor, he also obtained Dominion (1882), Manitoba (1882), British Columbia (1891) and Alberta (1911) credentials.

Arthur S. Lamb, physical education instructor, physician, administrator (b at Ballarat, Australia 16 Sep 1886; d at Montréal 4 Sep 1958). On immigrating to Canada as a young man, Arthur S. Lamb worked for two years as director of physical education at the Vancouver Y.M.C.A.

The Criddle family were naturalists known for detailed and long-term records of fauna and flora at Aweme (near Treesbank), Manitoba, starting with Percy's diaries kept since their arrival from England in 1882.

Sir Francis Drake, one of history's great seamen and adventurers (b near Tavistock, Eng 1540?; d off Panama 28 Jan 1596). He likely sighted VANCOUVER ISLAND on his voyage around the world (1577-80).

John Davis (also spelled Davys), explorer, navigator (born ca. 1550 near Dartmouth, England; died 27 December 1605 off Bintan Island, near Singapore).

In 1875 he joined the GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. His survey of BC strongly influenced government decisions on the proposed route of the CANADIAN PACIFIC RY. A charter ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA member (1882), Dawson by 1883 was assistant director of the GSC.

Peter Warren Dease, fur trader, arctic explorer (b at Mackinac I, Mich 1 Jan 1788; d at Montréal 17 Jan 1863). From age 13 he was engaged in the FUR TRADE, first with the XY Co, then the NORTH WEST CO and finally the HUDSON'S BAY CO.

William Carson, physician, reformer, politician (b at Kirkcudbright, Scotland 1770; d at St John's, Nfld 26 Feb 1843). After arriving in St John's in 1808 he was connected to the local garrison until the opening in 1814 of a public hospital he helped to found.

Charles Carpmael, meteorologist (b at Streatham Hall, Eng 19 Sept 1846; d in Eng 21 Oct 1894). Carpmael directed the development and extension of the Canadian storm-warning and weather-forecasting services for more than a decade.

John Convey, metallurgist (b at Craghead, Eng 29 Mar 1910; d at Toronto 14 Jan 2006). Having immigrated to Alberta in 1929, he later moved to Ontario, where he earned a PhD in atomic physics at the University of Toronto in 1940.

Brian Evans Conway, chemistry professor (b at Farnborough, Eng 26 Jan 1927). After obtaining his doctorate from the University of London in 1949, Conway worked as a research associate at the Chester Beatty Cancer Research Institute in London.

Hugh Le Caine, physicist, designer of electronic-music instruments, composer (b at Port Arthur [Thunder Bay], Ont 27 May 1914; d at Ottawa 3 July 1977). He was trained as a physicist at Queen's and later at Birmingham University (Eng).

Charles Kirk Clarke, psychiatrist, educator (b at Elora, Canada W 16 Feb 1857; d at Toronto 20 Jan 1924).

Yves Wilfrid Clermont, anatomist (born 14 August 1926 in Montréal, QC; died 10 October 2014 in Montréal). An outstanding teacher of histology, Clermont was best known as a specialist in male reproduction.

From 1958-71 Chapman played a key role in initiating and directing the spectacularly successful Alouette/ISIS scientific Earth Satellite program. With the launch of Alouette 1 in September 1962 Canada became the third country to design and build an Earth satellite.

Canadian Lung Association, Canada's first national voluntary health organization, was founded in 1900. Its roots were in the former Canadian Tuberculosis Association.