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Stanley John Hughes, mycologist (b at Llanelly, Wales 17 Sept 1918). A naturalized Canadian, Hughes worked as an assistant mycologist at the Commonwealth Mycological Institute in Kew, England (1945-52), and in 1952 joined Agriculture Canada in Ottawa as a research scientist.

Vladimir Joseph Krajina, scientist, educator (b at Slavonice, Austria-Hungary [Czech Republic] 30 Jan 1905, d at Vancouver 31 May 1993). He earned his doctorate summa cum laude in 1927 at Charles University, Prague, where he remained on staff until 1948.

Ernest Lepage, priest and botanist (b near Rimouski, Qué 1 June 1905; d there 4 Jan 1981). Lepage was an assistant parish priest until 1933 and then taught at the École moyenne d'agriculture in Rimouski 1936-61.

André Michaux, botanist, explorer (b near Versailles, France 8 Mar 1746; d on Madagascar 11 Oct 1803?). He compiled the first North American flora which includes many plants collected in Lower Canada in 1792.

Alf Erling Porsild, botanist, northern explorer (b at Copenhagen, Denmark 17 Jan 1901; d at Vienna, Austria 13 Nov 1977).

Frederick Pursh, botanist (b Friedrich Traugott Pursch in Grossenhain, Saxony 4 Feb 1774; d at Montréal 11 July 1820). At age 25 Pursh left Dresden to try his luck in the New World.

Eric William Leaver, inventor, electronics engineer (born 11 August 1915 in Langham, England; died 12 February 2004 in London, Ontario).

In his unofficial capacity as Canada's chief biologist, he has served nationally and provincially on various bodies, as editor of the scientific journals Virology and Molecular and Cellular Biology, and was a founding member of the now-defunct Canadian science journal Science Forum.

Lloyd Montgomery Pidgeon, OC, chemist (born 3 December 1903 in Markham, ON; died 9 December 1999).

Isobel Moira Dunbar, OC, FRSC, public servant, ice research scientist (born 3 February 1918 in Edinburgh, Scotland; died 22 November 1999 in Ottawa, ON).

Charles Alexander Mitchell, scientist, veterinarian, medical historian (b at Clarksburg, Ont 9 Aug 1891; d at Ottawa 8 July 1979).

Frederick Montizambert, physician, public-health official (b at Québec, Canada E 3 Feb 1843; d at Ottawa 2 Nov 1929). Montizambert practised in Québec before entering the Canadian public-health service in 1866.

Patrick Alan Morrow, photographer, mountaineer (b at Invermere, BC 18 Oct 1952). His abilities as an adventure photographer led to a position on the 1982 Canadian MOUNT EVEREST EXPEDITION, and on October 7 of that year he became

Roberta Lynn Bondar, CC, OOnt, FRSC, astronaut, neurologist, physician, educator, photographer (born 4 December 1945 in Sault Ste Marie, ON). Bondar became the first Canadian woman and second Canadian in space when she flew aboard the American space shuttle Discovery in 1992. A doctor specializing in the nervous system, she is a pioneer in space medicine research. Bondar is also an exhibited and published nature photographer. She established The Roberta Bondar Foundation to educate people about environmental protection through art, and she currently serves as one of the organization’s directors.

Clara Cynthia Benson, professor of chemistry (born in 1875 in Port Hope, ON; died 24 March 1964 in Port Hope). In 1899, Benson became the first woman to graduate in chemistry from the University of Toronto. In 1903, she became one of the first two women awarded a PhD at U of T. After graduating with her doctorate, she worked at U of T’s Lillian Massey School of Domestic Science, becoming one of the university’s first female professors in 1920. A capable teacher who stimulated research and was a friend to her students, Benson taught at the school until her retirement in 1945. The Benson Building at U of T was named in recognition of her efforts to obtain better athletic facilities for women students.

Richard Norman Jones, OC, FRSC, scientist (born 20 March 1913 in Manchester, England; died 17 February 2001).

James Laurence (Jim) Balsillie, co-CEO of Research In Motion, business executive, chartered professional accountant, philanthropist (born 3 February 1961 in Seaforth, ON). Balsillie is best known as the former chairman and co-CEO of Research In Motion, the Waterloo, Ontario, company now known as BlackBerry. He is also a major philanthropist and the founder of numerous non-profit organizations, including the Arctic Research Foundation (which found one of the lost Franklin ships in 2016), the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, the Balsillie School of International Affairs and the Centre for International Governance Innovation. An avid hockey fan, Balsillie tried on three separate occasions to purchase an NHL team and move it to Hamilton, Ontario.

Lionel Cinq-Mars, plant pathologist, vascular plant systematist (b at St-Coeur-de-Marie, Qué 12 June 1919; d at Québec C 6 Aug 1973). Trained in plant pathology, but interested in the taxonomy of vascular plants, Cinq-Mars initiated and encouraged continued development of floristic studies at Laval.

Phillip Clarke Garratt, aviator (b at Toronto 13 July 1894; d there 16 Nov 1975). He served in WWI with the Royal Flying Corps, flew as a commercial pilot and joined DE HAVILLAND AIRCRAFT in 1936, where he directed the development of aircraft to operate in the Canadian North (seeBUSH FLYING).

Robert Oliver Sweezey, engineer, promoter (b at Trois-Rivières, Qué 8 Dec 1883; d at Montréal 13 May 1968). Sweezey was the promoter and president of the massive Beauharnois Light, Heat and Power Corp and of other hydroelectric, forestry and transportation endeavours.