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Brigadier-General (retired) John James (Jim) Grant, CM, CMM, CD, accountant, soldier, lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia 2012–17 (born 17 January 1936 in New Glasgow, NS). John Grant was Nova Scotia's 32nd lieutenant-governor.

The war in Afghanistan (2001–14) was Canada’s longest war and its first significant combat engagement since the Korean War (1950–53). After the 2001 terror attacks on the United States, Canada joined an international coalition to destroy the al-Qaeda terrorist network and the Taliban regime that sheltered it in Afghanistan. (See 9/11 and Canada). Although the Taliban were removed from power and the al-Qaeda network was disrupted, Canada and its allies failed to destroy either group, or to secure and stabilize Afghanistan. More than 40,000 Canadian Armed Forces members served in the 12-year campaign. The war killed 165 Canadians — 158 soldiers and 7 civilians. Many Canadian veterans of the war in Afghanistan suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder.

The First Canadian Army was a field army formed in 1942 during the Second World War. It became an international force in 1943, when Allied units were added to keep the army up to strength. The First Canadian Army was commanded by A.G.L. McNaughton and H.D.G. “Harry” Crerar.

Known as the “Queen of Battle,” the infantry is the branch of the army that provides its primary fighters. The main responsibility of infantry soldiers is to “close with and destroy the enemy.” Although they are trained, armed and equipped to fight on foot, infantry soldiers are usually transported to the battlefield by other means. Infantry soldiers can also specialize as light, mechanized, airmobile, airborne and other types. The characteristics of infantry are mobility, firepower, flexibility, communications and vulnerability (to enemy action). Infantry soldiers are trained in a wide range of individual and crew-served weapons and work with the all-arms team of reconnaissance, armour, artillery, air defence, engineers, tactical aviation and other combat specialists. Except for a brief time during the feudal period (when cavalry dominated), the infantry has been the largest single component of armies since ancient times. In Canada, the infantry has always been the army’s largest element.

A regiment is a body of troops composed of squadrons, batteries or companies; it is often divided into battalions for military operations. A single-battalion regiment ranges in size from 300 to 1,000.

The Battle of Kapyong is one of Canada’s greatest, yet least-known, military achievements. For two days in April 1951, a battalion of roughly 700 Canadian troops (the 2nd Battalion of the Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry Regiment) helped defend a crucial hill in the front lines of the Korean War against a force of about 5,000 Chinese soldiers. Besieged by waves of attackers, the Canadians held their position amid the horror of close combat until the assaulting force had been halted and the Canadians could be relieved. Their determined stand contributed significantly to the defeat of the Communist offensive in South Korea that year.

32 Canadian Brigade Group (32 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 13 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are located in Ontario. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Toronto, Ontario. In total, 32 CBG includes more than 3,000 members.

37 Canadian Brigade Group (37 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 9 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are located in New Brunswick and Newfoundland. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Moncton, New Brunswick. In total, 37 CBG includes approximately 1,400 members.

34 Canadian Brigade Group (34 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 15 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. Nine units are based on the island of Montreal. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Saint-Hubert, Quebec. In total, 34 CBG includes about 2,500 members of the Army Reserve.

31 Canadian Brigade Group (31 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 12 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are located in Ontario. Brigade Group headquarters is located in London, Ontario. In total, 31 CBG includes nearly 2,500 members.

38 Canadian Brigade Group (38 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 13 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are located in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and north-western Ontario. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Winnipeg, Manitoba. In total, 38 CBG includes more than 1,200 reservists.

41 Canadian Brigade Group (41 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 9 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are located in Alberta and the Northwest Territories. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Calgary, Alberta. In total, 41 CBG includes about 1,700 reservists.

33 Canadian Brigade Group (33 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 15 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are located in Ontario. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Ottawa, Ontario.

36 Canadian Brigade Group (36 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 11 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are located in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Halifax, Nova Scotia. In total, 36 CBG includes approximately 1,600 members.

35 Canadian Brigade Group (35 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 12 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are based in Eastern Quebec. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Quebec City, Quebec. In total, 35 CBG includes about 2,200 reservists and 60 members of the Regular Force.

39 Canadian Brigade Group (39 CBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army Reserve. There are 11 units in the group, including armoured, artillery, engineer, signals, infantry and logistics units. The units are located in British Columbia. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Vancouver.

5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group (5 CMBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army. There are eight units in the group: a light artillery regiment, armoured regiment, combat engineer regiment, headquarters and signals squadron, three infantry battalions and a service battalion. In total, 5 CMBG includes about 5,000 members of the Regular and Reserve forces, as well as civilian staff. Brigade group headquarters is located at CFB Valcartier in Quebec.

1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group (1 CMBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army. There are eight units in the brigade group: an armoured regiment, artillery regiment, combat engineer regiment, headquarters and signals squadron, two mechanized and one light infantry battalions and a service battalion. Brigade Group headquarters is located in Edmonton, Alberta.

2 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group (2 CMBG) is a formation of the Canadian Army. There are eight units in the brigade group: an armoured regiment, artillery regiment, combat engineer regiment, headquarters and signals squadron, one mechanized and two light infantry battalions and a service battalion. Brigade Group headquarters is located at Petawawa, Ontario.

CANLOAN was a volunteer program that loaned Canadian officers to the British Army during the Second World War.