First Nations in Quebec

There are 40 First Nations in Quebec. First Nation is one of three groupings of Indigenous people in Canada, the other two being Métis and Inuit. Unlike Métis and Inuit, most First Nations hold reserve lands, and members of a First Nation may live both on and off these reserves (see also Reserves in Quebec). While the term First Nation can describe a large ethnic grouping (e.g. the Cree Nation), in other cases it is synonymous with the term band, a word originally chosen by the federal government and used in the Indian Act. The word band describes smaller communities, such as the ones listed below. Many First Nations prefer the term First Nation over band. In terms of larger ethnic groupings, First Nations in Quebec are Algonquin, Cree, Naskapi, Mohawk, Innu, Mi’kmaq, Wolastoqiyik, Abenaki, Anishinaabe, and Atikamekw.

Each point on this map represents the location of a First Nation’s administrative office. For a map of the reserves these First Nations hold, see Reserves in Quebec.
(map by The Canadian Encyclopedia, data courtesy Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada and licensed under Open Government Licence-Canada)