Army | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Armed Forces Bands in Canada

    Large regimental bands first came to Canada in the late 18th century. By 1869, there were some 46 bands in the Canadian militia. The first regular armed forces bands in Canada were formed in 1899. Their main purpose has been to provide music for military or public functions. As of 2023, there were a total of 73 bands in the Canadian Armed Forces: 53 in the Army, 12 in the Air Force, and 8 in the Navy.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/1007px-438_Squadron_RCAF_Band_1960s.jpg Armed Forces Bands in Canada

  • Article

    Canadian Forces Base Gagetown

    Canadian Forces Base Gagetown (or CFB Gagetown) functions primarily as the combat-training centre for the Canadian Army and comprises 111,000 hectares between Fredericton and Saint John, New Brunswick, west of the Saint John River.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/Black_Watch_Gagetown.jpg Canadian Forces Base Gagetown

  • Article

    D-Day and the Battle of Normandy (Plain-Language Summary)

    The Battle of Normandy was one of the most important operations of the Second World War. It began the campaign to free Western Europe from Nazi occupation. Canadians played a key role in the Allied invasion of Normandy (called Operation Overlord). The campaign began on D-Day (6 June 1944) and ended with the battle of the Falaise Pocket (7–21 August 1944). Thousands of Canadians fought on D-Day and in the Normandy campaign and over 5,000 were killed. (This article is a plain-language summary. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, D-Day and the Battle of Normandy.)

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/b81b71af-9ed9-43d1-8c68-dbe7a27bb20d.jpg D-Day and the Battle of Normandy (Plain-Language Summary)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Albert Joseph Thomas (Primary Source)

    "Gosh, I wonder if it could be possible? So I asked her a question and she says, yes. Well, I said, you’re looking at him. And she started crying. I’m pretty proud about what I did." Albert Joseph Thomas served in the army during the Second World War. See below for Mr. Thomas' entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/AlbertJosephThomas/1513_original.jpg Albert Joseph Thomas (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Alexander “Mack” Esdon (Primary Source)

    "I was sent out to just check on lines. And this covering of artillery shells of all sizes going over, made for a very eerie and disquieting, but comforting, sound" See below for Mr. Esdon's entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/Alexander“Mack”Esdon/7686_538.jpg Alexander “Mack” Esdon (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Anthony Russell (Primary Source)

    "I went my own road, I didn’t follow the herd. And then I ran into the Americans. I stayed with the Americans to the end of the war." See below for Mr. Russell's entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Anthony Russell (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Constance Gwendolyn Powys (Primary Source)

    See below for Ms. Powys' entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/GwendolynPowysMacNeil/15351_538.jpg Constance Gwendolyn Powys (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Cyril L.C. Allinson (Primary Source)

    Cyril L.C. Allinson immigrated to Canada from England and enlisted with the Canadian Field Artillery in the First World War. See below for his story as recounted to the Memory Project by his daughter, Cynthia MacLeod.Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/CyrilLCAllinson/15266_538.jpg Cyril L.C. Allinson (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Daniel Wilson (Primary Source)

    Interview with Daniel Wilson about his experiences in the Gulf War.Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/The-Memory-Project/image/14869_600.jpg Daniel Wilson (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Doug Franks (Primary Source)

    "They got over this wire... 'cause you used to hang tin cans or something on there so, if it touched it, it warned you that there was someone there…" See below for Mr. Franks' entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/DougFranks/7821_538.jpg Doug Franks (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Doug Vidler (Primary Source)

    "Our landing was not bad compared to the fellows ahead of us. The first wave had taken the blunt of it." See below for Mr. Vidler's entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/DougVidler/8809_original.jpg Doug Vidler (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Edmond Arsenault (Primary Source)

    "There was a shell coming and I knew by the sound it was close. So I look at the hole and I look at the barn and I figure, I’ll make the barn first." See below for Mr. Arsenault's entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/EdmondArsenault/7607_538.jpg Edmond Arsenault (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Ely Edmond Boeykens (Primary Source)

    "The first thing we do most of the time is , “See that steeple on the church? Shoot it down.” Catholic church steeple, had to shoot the steeples down, because the Germans used to stand up there to look at you." See below for Mr. Boeykens' entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/ElyEdmondBoeykens/2348_538.jpg Ely Edmond Boeykens (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Everett Sylvester Cromwell (Primary Source)

    "One time I drove for 36 hours without stopping. When I stopped it was just long enough to off-load and load. That was war. That’s what you trained for." See below for Mr. Cromwell's entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/EverettSylvesterCromwell/cromwell service photo.jpg Everett Sylvester Cromwell (Primary Source)

  • Memory Project Archive

    Francis Bathe (Primary Source)

    "We captured about 3,500 that morning, and I should judge about us many were killed or wounded besides that. I think the 1st and 2nd Divisions did equally as well, by what I heard they were chiefly the Bavarians at that. They are notable fighters but our lads were better. " See below for Mr. Bathe's entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/MemoryProject/FrancisBathe/16495_original.jpg Francis Bathe (Primary Source)